Affiliation:
1. Plant Biology Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 (A.T.J.); and
2. Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464–8601 Japan (T.T.)
Abstract
Abstract
Glycinebetaine is an osmoprotectant accumulated by barley (Hordeum vulgare) plants in response to high levels of NaCl, drought, and cold stress. Using barley seedlings in hydroponic culture, we characterized additional inducers of glycinebetaine accumulation. These included other inorganic salts (KCl, MgCl2, LiCl, and Na2SO4), oxidants (H2O2 and cumene hydroperoxide), and organic compounds (abscisic acid, polymixin B, n-butanol, salicylic acid, and aspirin). Stress symptoms brought on by high NaCl and other inducers, and not necessarily correlated with glycinebetaine accumulation, include wilting, loss of chlorophyll, and increase in thiobarbituric acid reacting substances. For NaCl, Ca2+ions at 10 to 20 mm decrease these stress symptoms without diminishing, or even increasing, glycinebetaine induction. Abscisic acid induces glycinebetaine accumulation without causing any of the stress symptoms. NaCl, KCl, and H2O2 (but not other inducers) induce glycinebetaine at concentrations below those needed for the other stress symptoms. Mg2+ at 10 to 20 mm induces both stress symptoms and glycinebetaine, but only at low (0.2 mm) Ca2+. Although illumination is needed for optimal induction, a significant increase in the leaf glycinebetaine level is found in complete darkness, also.
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Plant Science,Genetics,Physiology
Reference32 articles.
1. Molecular cloning, physical mapping and expression of bet genes governing the osmoregulatory choline-betaine pathway of Escherichia coli.;Andresen;J Gen Microbiol,1988
2. Levels of glycinebetaine and glycinebetaine aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in the green leaves, and etiolated leaves and roots of barley.;Arakawa;Plant Cell Physiol,1990
3. Immunological studies of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase of barley.;Arakawa;Plant Cell Physiol,1992
4. Production and action of active oxygen species in photosynthetic tissues.;Asada,1994
5. Evidence for a ferredoxin-dependent choline monooxygenase from spinach chloroplast stroma.;Brouquisse;Plant Physiol,1989
Cited by
110 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献