Modeling Thermal Contact Resistance: A Scale Analysis Approach
Author:
Bahrami M.1, Culham J. R.1, Yovanovich M. M.1
Affiliation:
1. Microelectronics Heat Transfer Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1
Abstract
A compact analytical model is developed for predicting thermal contact resistance (TCR) of nonconforming rough contacts of bare solids in a vacuum. Instead of using probability relationships to model the size and number of microcontacts of Gaussian surfaces, a novel approach is taken by employing the “scale analysis method.” It is demonstrated that the geometry of heat sources on a half-space for microcontacts is justifiable for an applicable range of contact pressure. It is shown that the surface curvature and contact pressure distribution have no effect on the effective microthermal resistance. The present model allows TCR to be predicted over the entire range of nonconforming rough contacts from conforming rough to smooth Hertzian contacts. A new nondimensional parameter, i.e., ratio of the macro- over microthermal resistances, is introduced as a criterion to identify three regions of TCR. The present model is compared to collected TCR data for SS304 and showed excellent agreement. Additionally, more than 880 experimental data points, collected by many researchers, are summarized and compared to the present model, and relatively good agreement is observed. The data cover a wide range of materials, mechanical and thermophysical properties, micro- and macrocontact geometries, and similar and dissimilar metal contacts.
Publisher
ASME International
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Condensed Matter Physics,General Materials Science
Reference36 articles.
1. Yovanovich, M. M., and Marotta, E. E., 2003, Thermal Spreading and Contact Resistances, chap. 4, Heat Transfer Handbook, Editors: A. Bejan and D. Kraus, Wiley, New York. 2. Tabor, D., 1951, The Hardness of Metals, Oxford University Press, London. 3. Greenwood, J. A., and Williamson, B. P., 1966, “Contact of Nominally Flat Surfaces,” Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 295, pp. 300–319. 4. Bahrami, M., Culham, J. R., Yovanovich, M. M., and Schneider, G. E., 2003, “Review of Thermal Joint Resistance Models for Non-Conforming Rough Surfaces in a Vacuum,” Paper No. HT2003-47051, ASME Heat Transfer Conference, Las Vegas. 5. Clausing, A. M., and Chao, B. T., 1965, “Thermal Contact Resistance in a Vacuum Environment,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 87, pp. 243–251.
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