1. Research Associate Center for Robotics Research, King's College London, University of London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK;
2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China e-mail:
3. Chair of Mechanisms and Robotics, MoE Key Laboratory for Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
4. Center for Robotics Research, King's College London, University of London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK e-mail: