A Nonlinear Rotordynamics Model for Automotive Turbochargers Coupled to a Physical Model for a (SEMI) Floating Ring Bearing System

Abstract

Abstract Automotive turbochargers (TCs) use an engine oil lubricated bearing system to produce acceptable performance (as per the engine volumetric efficiency) and proven reliability. However, the bearings also cause TC rotordynamic responses that are rich in subsynchronous whirl motions through reaching stable limit cycles. The paper describes the lubrication model for a finite length semi-floating ring bearing (SFRB) system and its coupling to the rotor and ring structure models for prediction of both linear and nonlinear system responses and their characterization in terms of motion amplitudes and whirl frequency content. The SFRB model includes a thermal energy transport network for the inner and outer films in both radial bearings and the thrust bearings located on the end sides of the ring. The large temperature difference between the hot shaft and a cold housing induces a three-dimensional thermal gradient in the fluid films and the floating ring, further exacerbated by the heat generated from drag power losses in the inner films adjacent to the rotor. The temperature gradients affect the lubricant viscosity and the bearing system operating clearances. The integration of the rotor and bearing system (RBS) equations of motion accounts for the SFRB nonlinear forces and starts from static equilibrium position, if existing. The model predictions of nonlinear behavior are accurate when benchmarked to a set of measurements procured in a gas stand test rig. The analysis also investigates the influence of the bearing inner clearance and rotor mass imbalance distribution on the onset, persistence and severity of SSV.