Thermal Conductivity Measurements in Printed Wiring Boards

Author:

Graebner J. E.1,Azar K.2

Affiliation:

1. Lucent Technologies, Bell Laboratories, 600 Mountain Avenue, PO Box 636, Murray Hill, NJ 07974-0636

2. Lucent Technologies Inc., Bell Laboratories, North Andover, MA 01845

Abstract

The effective thermal conductivity κ of multilayer printed wiring boards (PWBs) has been measured for heat flowing in a direction either parallel (κ∥) or perpendicular (κ⊥) to the plane of the board. The conductivity of the glass/epoxy insulating material from which the boards are manufactured is anisotropic (κ∥ge ≈ 3 × κ⊥ge) and nearly three orders of magnitude smaller than the conductivity of copper. This large difference between glass/epoxy and copper produces extremely high anisotropy in PWBs that contain continuous layers of copper. For such boards, values of the board-averaged conductivity in the two directions can differ by a factor of ~100 or more. The value of κ∥ is found to depend on the ratio of the total thickness of continuous layers of copper to the total thickness of glass/epoxy, while it depends hardly at all on the amount of copper circuitry visible on the surface.

Publisher

ASME International

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Condensed Matter Physics,General Materials Science

Reference13 articles.

1. Agarwal R. K. , DasguptaA., PechtM., and BarkerD., 1991, “Prediction of PWB/PCB Thermal Conductivity,” Int. J. for Hybrid Microelectronics, Vol. 14, pp. 83–95.

2. Azar, K., and Graebner, J. E., 1996, “Experimental Determination of Thermal Conductivity of Printed Wiring Boards,” Proceedings of the IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium, (SEMI-THERM), Austin, TX, March 5-7, pp. 169–182.

3. Azar, K., and Yuan, T. D., 1993, “Effect of Board Conductivity and Air Velocity on Heat Transfer from an Electronic Component,” Proceedings of the Winter Conference of the ASME, New Orleans, LA.

4. Carslaw, H. S., and Jaeger, J. C., 1959, Conduction of Heat in Solids, 2nd ed. Clarendon, Oxford, p. 21.

5. Ellison, G. N., 1996, “Thermal Analysis of Circuit Boards and Microelectronic Components Using an Analytical Solution to the Heat Conduction Equation,” Proceedings of the IEEE Semiconductor Thermal Measurement and Management Symposium, (SEMI-THERM), Austin, TX, March 5-7, pp. 144–150.

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