The Influence of Gait Stance and Vehicle Type on Pedestrian Kinematics and Injury Risk

Author:

Pak Wansoo1,Grindle Daniel1,Untaroiu Costin1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061

Abstract

Abstract Pedestrians are one of the most vulnerable road users. In 2019, the USA reported the highest number of pedestrian fatalities number in nearly three decades. To better protect pedestrians in car-to-pedestrian collisions (CPC), pedestrian biomechanics must be better investigated. The pre-impact conditions of CPCs vary significantly in terms of the characteristics of vehicles (e.g., front-end geometry, stiffness, etc.) and pedestrians (e.g., anthropometry, posture, etc.). The influence of pedestrian gait posture has not been well analyzed. The purpose of this study was to numerically investigate the changes in pedestrian kinematics and injuries across various gait postures in two different vehicle impacts. Five finite element (FE) human body models, that represent the 50th percentile male in gait cycle, were developed and used to perform CPC simulations with two generic vehicle FE models representing a low-profile vehicle and a high-profile vehicle. In the impacts with the high-profile vehicle, a sport utility vehicle, the pedestrian models usually slide above the bonnet leading edge and report shorter wrap around distances than in the impacts with a low-profile vehicle, a family car/sedan (FCR). The pedestrian postures influenced the postimpact rotation of the pedestrian and consequently, the impacted head region. Pedestrian posture also influenced the risk of injuries in the lower and upper extremities. Higher bone bending moments were observed in the stance phase posture compared to the swing phase. The findings of this study should be taken into consideration when examining pedestrian protection protocols. In addition, the results of this study can be used to improve the design of active safety systems used to protect pedestrians in collisions.

Publisher

ASME International

Subject

Physiology (medical),Biomedical Engineering

Reference53 articles.

1. Global Status Report on Road Safety;WHO,2018

2. Pedestrian Traffic Fatalities by State, 2020 Preliminary Data;GHSA,2021

3. Research of the Relationship of Pedestrian Injury to Collision Speed, Car-Type, Impact Location and Pedestrian Sizes Using Human FE Model (THUMS Version 4);Stapp Car Crash J.,2012

4. Traffic Safety Facts (2017 Data);NHTSA,2019

5. Designing Road Vehicles for Pedestrian Protection;BMJ,2002

Cited by 7 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. A numerical investigation of e-scooter-to-vehicle traffic accidents;Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering;2024-05-02

2. A Numerical Investigation of Rider Injury Risks During Falls Caused by E-Scooter–Stopper Impacts;Journal of Biomechanical Engineering;2023-07-14

3. Effect of Tissue Erosion Modeling Techniques on Pedestrian Impact Kinematics;STAPP CAR CRASH JOURNAL 2022 Volume 66;2023-06-27

4. Computational Seated Pedestrian Impact Design of Experiments with Ultralight Wheelchair;Annals of Biomedical Engineering;2023-02-16

5. A validated lower extremity model to investigate the effect of stabilizing knee components in pedestrian collisions;Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine;2022-09-12

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3