Soil compaction by vibratory roller with variable frequency

Abstract

Full-scale tests were conducted to study the influence of the operating frequency of a vibratory roller on the compaction of crushed gravel in a controlled environment. Tests were performed at both fixed and variable frequencies. The average densification of the soil was represented by settlement of the ground surface, and depth-dependent density variation before and after compaction was determined by horizontal nuclear density gauge measurements. The resonant frequency was approximately 17 Hz and frequencies in the range 15–35 Hz were tested. The optimum compaction frequency was determined to be around 18 Hz; that is, slightly above resonance, as compared with the standard operating frequency of the roller, 31 Hz. Lower compaction frequency significantly reduces the required engine power and thus fuel consumption and environmental impact, while increasing the lifespan of the roller. Furthermore, the soil closest to the ground surface is loosened at high frequency. This can be avoided with a lower compaction frequency and the need for subsequent static passes can thereby possibly be eliminated.