1. Architectural Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE, USA
2. School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK (corresponding author: )
3. Department of Infrastructure, Materials and Structures, Northern Research Institute, Narvik, Norway
4. School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
5. ISISE, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, Guimarães, Portugal