Effects of Eugenol on Polymorphonuclear Cell Migration and Chemiluminescence

Abstract

In this study, the effects of eugenol on human polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell migration and chemiluminescence were examined in vitro. Utilizing zymosan-activated serum or crude Bacteroides sonicate fractions as chemotractants, we found that eugenol inhibits PMN migration at 6.6 x 10-2 to 6.6 x 10-5 mol/L (P<0.05). Also, similar effects were observed in PMNs pre-incubated in eugenol. Regardless of concentration, eugenol was not found to induce chemotaxis of PMNs. An examination of PMN membrane activation through chemiluminescence gave results consistent with the chemotaxis data, demonstrating a decrease in light emission at concentrations as low as 6.6 x 10-6 mol/L (P<0.05). In view of these data, the potential effect of eugenol on in vivo (sulcular or periapical) PMN function deserves further study.