Ibex-Associated Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Duikers (Cephalophus Spp)

Author:

Carvallo Francisco R.1ORCID,Uzal Francisco A.1ORCID,Moore Janet D.1,Jackson Kenneth2,Nyaoke Akinyi C.1,Naples Lisa3,Davis-Powell Jordan3,Stadler Cynthia K.3,Boren Brandon A.3,Cunha Cristina45,Li Hong45,Pesavento Patricia A.2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. University of California, Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA

2. University of California, Davis, CA, USA

3. Los Angeles Zoo, Los Angeles, CA, USA

4. Animal Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA, USA

5. Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA

Abstract

Eight duikers, representing 3 different species cohoused in a single zoological collection, died in a 10-month period. Black, red-flanked, and yellow-backed duikers were affected, appearing clinically with a combination of anorexia, diarrhea, ataxia, tremors, and/or stupor, followed by death within 72 hours of onset of clinical signs. Consistent gross findings were pulmonary ecchymoses (8/8), generalized lymphadenomegaly (6/8), ascites (5/8), and pleural effusion (4/8). Dense lymphocyte infiltrates and arteritis affected numerous tissues in most animals. Ibex-associated malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) viral DNA was detected in all cases by polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. Identical ibex-MCF virus sequence was detected in spleen of a clinically healthy ibex ( Capra ibex) housed in a separate enclosure 35 meters away from the duikers.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Veterinary

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