High-pressure ratio centrifugal compressor with two different fishtail pipe diffuser configurations

Abstract

To improve fishtail pipe diffuser outflow uniformity, deswirlers and splitters are added inside and after fishtail pipe diffuser passages for a compact centrifugal compressor. The influence of clocking effects between the deswirler and fishtail pipe diffuser passage is first studied to find the optimum clocking position. The performances of these two configurations are then compared, and their loss mechanisms are determined. Finally, the compressor exit flow conditions are estimated. Either adding the deswirler after the fishtail passages or adding splitters inside the fishtail passages tends to degrade the compressor performance. The intensity of the vortices in the fishtail passages is increased; therefore, losses are induced when a deswirler is added after the fishtail passage. As splitters are added inside the fishtail passages, flow separation is observed at the splitter suction side near the hub as a result of the large incidence angle near the splitter hub and results in large losses. Adding a deswirler after fishtail passages has a negative effect on the compressor outlet flow uniformity but can eliminate the residual swirl angle. Adding splitters in fishtail diffuser passages is recommended to decrease the compressor outlet non-uniformity and residual swirl angle. Through this work, physical insight into complex flows in these two configurations is obtained to provide guidelines on a diffusing system design with a fishtail pipe diffuser.