Awareness and prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria: A national pilot cross-sectional study-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Awareness and prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria: A national pilot cross-sectional study

Published:2021-01 Issue: Volume:17 Page:174550652110317
ISSN:1745-5065
Container-title:Women's Health
language:en
Short-container-title:Womens Health (Lond Engl)

Author:

Eleje George Uchenna¹²^ORCID,Rabiu Ayyuba³⁴,Mbachu Ikechukwu Innocent²⁵,Akaba Godwin Otuodichinma⁶⁷,Loto Olabisi Morebise⁸⁹,Usman Hadiza Abdullahi¹⁰¹¹,Fiebai Preye Owen¹²¹³,Chukwuanukwu Rebecca Chinyelu¹⁴,Joe-Ikechebelu Ngozi Nneka¹⁵¹⁶,Nwankwo Chike Henry¹⁷,Kalu Stephen Okoroafor¹⁸,Onubogu Chinyere Ukamaka¹⁹,Ogbuagu Chukwuanugo Nkemakonam²⁰,Chukwurah Shirley Nneka²¹,Uzochukwu Chinwe Elizabeth²²,Inuyomi Samuel Oluwagbenga²³,Adesoji Bukola Abimbola²⁴,Ogwaluonye Uchenna Chukwunonso²⁵,Emeka Ekene Agatha²⁶,Egeonu Richard Obinwanne²,Igue Odion Emmanuel²⁷,Jibuaku Chiamaka Henrietta²⁵,Okoro Ogbonna Dennis²⁸,Aja Prince Ogbonnia¹⁴,Chidozie Chiamaka Perpetua¹⁴,Ibrahim Hadiza Sani⁴,Aliyu Fatima Ele⁴,Numan Aisha Ismaila¹¹,Omoruyi Solace Amechi¹³,Oppah Ijeoma Chioma¹³,Anyang Ubong Inyang⁷,Ahmed Aishat⁷,Umeononihu Osita Samuel²⁵,Umeh Eric Okechukwu²⁹,Nweje Sussan Ifeyinwa³⁰,Ajuba Ifeoma Clara³¹,Okoro Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem²,Onwuegbuna Arinze Anthony³²,Igbodike Emeka Philip³³^ORCID,Nwaeju Ifeanyi Kingsley²,Yakasai Ibrahim Adamu³⁴,Ezechi Oliver Chukwujekwu³⁴,Ikechebelu Joseph Ifeanyichukwu¹²

Affiliation:

1. Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria

3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

7. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria

8. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

9. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

10. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria

11. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria

12. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

13. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

14. Immunology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

15. Department of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Awka, Nigeria

16. Social Dimensions of Health Program (INTD), School of Public Health and Social Policy, Faculty of Human and Social Development, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada

17. Department of Statistics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

18. HIV Care Laboratory/HIV Care Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria

19. Department of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

20. Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

21. Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

22. Department of Mass Communication, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

23. Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

24. Department of Nursing, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

25. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

26. Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

27. Department of Physiological Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

28. Department of Parasitology & Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri Borno State, Maiduguri, Nigeria

29. Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

30. Department of Nursing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria

31. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

32. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria

33. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Georges Hospital Memorial Centre, Lagos, Nigeria

34. Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: There are no national data on hepatitis C virus awareness and burden among pregnant women to justify its routine screening. Objectives: To investigate awareness, seroprevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria. Methods: A total of 159 pregnant women from antenatal clinics across six geopolitical zones in Nigeria consented to anti-hepatitis C virus testing which was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction technique. Confirmed hepatitis C virus positive women were further tested for hepatitis B and HIV. Participants were evaluated for risk factors for hepatitis C virus. Odds ratios, adjusted odds ratios, and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined, and p-values of <0.05 were considered significant. Results: Of 159 participants, 77 (48.4%; 95% confidence interval = 38.2%–60.5%) were aware of hepatitis C virus infection and awareness of hepatitis C virus was associated with young age (odds ratio = 2.21; 95% confidence interval = 1.16–4.21), high educational level (odds ratio = 3.29; 95% confidence interval = 1.63–6.64), and participants’ occupation (odds ratio = 0.51; 95% confidence interval = 0.26–0.99). In multivariable logistic regression, adjusted for confounders, the association between awareness of hepatitis C virus and participants’ young age (adjusted odds ratio = 1.60; 95% confidence interval = 1.09–2.35; p = 0.018) and high educational level (adjusted odds ratio = 1.48; 95% confidence interval = 1.17–1.86; p = 0.001) remained significant. Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence was found to be 1.3% (95% confidence interval = 0.2%–4.5%). All (100.0%, 95% confidence interval = 12.1%–100.0%) the hepatitis C virus-positive participants and 99 (63.1%, 95% confidence interval = 51.3%–76.8%) hepatitis C virus-negative participants had identifiable hepatitis C virus risk factors. Dual seropositivity of anti-hepatitis C virus/anti-HIV and anti-hepatitis C virus/hepatitis B surface antigen each accounted for 0.6%. The most identified risk factors were multiple sexual partners (15.7%), shared needles (13.8%), and blood transfusion (11.3%). There was no significant association between the risk factors and hepatitis C virus positive status. Conclusion: Awareness of hepatitis C virus infection among pregnant women in Nigeria is low and those aware are positively influenced by young age and high educational level. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection is high and provides preliminary evidence to justify antenatal routine screening.

Funder

TETFund National Research Fund 2019

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Medicine

Link

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/17455065211031718

Reference24 articles.

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