Mechanical and fatigue resistance of restorations supported by welded-framework and realized using computer-aided designed prosthetic shells: In vitro pilot study

Abstract

Resin coating in implants rehabilitation cannot always be aesthetic, durable and comfortable for the patient mainly due to the limited dimensions of the final structure. Intraoral welding technique and computer-aided designed prosthetic shells may be a solution. This in vitro study evaluates the capacity of load and the weakest point of implant-supported provisional prosthesis using welded titanium framework. Twelve samples were produced to simulate an implant supported fixed prosthetic bridge. Two implants (Ankylos; Dentsply Sirona Implants; Germany) were inserted inside blocks of nanoceramic material produced with a stereolithographic 3D printer. A polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin shell was performed with CAD/CAM and relined on welded framework. Six samples were produced with the same procedure reducing resin thickness. The samples were subjected to fatigue test (6,500,000 cycles) using ElectroForce 3310 fatigue machine ( t1); subsequently a mechanical compression test using a universal Shimadzu AGS-X 10 machine ( t2). The samples were analyzed with a photographic and radiographic documentation at t0, t1 and t2. The samples survived mechanical fatigue test without evidence of failure. The radiographic and photographic evaluation revealed the fracture of resin coating after the mechanical compression test. The samples with minimal resin thickness fractured first. Adequate assessment of the resin thickness is mandatory to improve the longevity of these rehabilitations. CAD-CAM digital prosthetic design allows us to optimize the thicknesses and the prosthetic shapes, allowing us to obtain good degrees of resistance even in the presence of reduced prosthetic spaces.