Tumor-Like Multiple Sclerosis: Report of Four Cases and Literature Review

Abstract

Aims and background Classical multiple sclerosis plaques usually have typical features on gadolinium-enhanced MRI scan. This non-neoplastic demyelinating process of the central nervous system generally does not produce focal space-occupying lesions associated with ring enhancement. However, atypical appearance of demyelinating lesions simulating a brain tumor is a possible well-known phenomenon. Methods We present our experience with 4 cases of multiple sclerosis indistinguishable clinically and neuroradiologically from a cerebral tumor. All patients underwent surgery. Results Histological examinations of all cases were positive for multiple sclerosis plaques. Conclusions The presented cases demonstrate the importance of considering a demyelinating disease in the differential diagnosis of a tumor-like brain lesion.