Magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point flow and heat transfer effects of Al2O3-Cu/water hybrid nanofluid over a porous stretching surface

Abstract

In this article, the heat transfer analysis of an unsteady free convection flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a porous stretching sheet subjected to a uniform magnetic field is investigated. The effects of radiation and heat source/sink are taken into consideration. Two different types of nanoparticles namely, aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and copper (Cu) are considered. The unsteady free convection flow of nanofluids over a stretching surface has vast applications in heat exchanger technology, next-generation solar film collectors, geothermal energy storage, etc. In view of this, we considered the time-dependent governing equations. The set of non-linear equations (PDEs) is changed into ordinary differential equations with the help of similarity transformations. The transformed equations are solved by using the MATLAB bvp4c shooting technique. The obtained results are presented and analyzed through graphs and tables. From the results, it is noticed that the free convection parameter enhanced the fluid velocity and temperature in both nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid cases. It is noticed that the hybrid nanofluid has the highest temperature distribution than the nanofluid. It is further observed that the fluid flow is substantially influenced by the variations in the unsteadiness parameter.