Affiliation:
1. IFP Energies Nouvelles, Energy Applications Techniques Division, Rueil-Malmaison, France
Abstract
Since the homologation drive cycles are not all entirely representative of real everyday driving conditions, additional cycles must be used to properly quantify the energy consumption of electric vehicles. Three methodologies have been developed to objectively determine a limited number of additional drive cycles. The first methodology is based upon a simple comparison of velocity profiles expressed on the same time scale. The second is based on a correlation analysis of various statistical criteria defined for each cycle. Finally, the third methodology is based on an automatic clustering technique ( K-means algorithm). These three methodologies have been used to analyse 18 drive cycles including official homologation cycles used in Europe (NEDC), Japan (JC08) and in the US (FTP72), and transient non-official cycles representing real world driving patterns (Artemis, Hyzem and Eurev cycles). When applied to these cycles, all these approaches allow the identification of a reduced number of five representative cycles enabling an efficient characterization in terms of the performance of electric vehicles in urban, extra-urban and highway conditions.
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Aerospace Engineering
Cited by
20 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献