Towards net zero in agriculture: Future challenges and opportunities for arable, livestock and protected cropping systems in the UK

Author:

Sakrabani Ruben1ORCID,Garnett Kenisha2,Knox Jerry W3ORCID,Rickson Jane1,Pawlett Mark1,Falagan Natalia1,Girkin Nicholas T1,Cain Michelle2,Alamar M Carmen1,Burgess Paul J1,Harris Jim2,Patchigolla Kumar4,Sandars Daniel2,Graves Anil2,Hannam Jack2,W Simmons Robert1

Affiliation:

1. Soil, Agrifood and Biosciences, School of Water, Energy & Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK

2. Cranfield Environment Centre, School of Water, Energy & Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK

3. Centre for Water, Environment and Development, School of Water, Energy & Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK

4. Centre for Thermal Energy Systems and Materials, School of Water, Energy & Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK

Abstract

The agricultural sector faces multiple challenges linked to increased climate uncertainty, causing severe shocks including increased frequency of extreme weather events, new pest and disease risks, soil degradation, and pre and postharvest food losses. This situation is further exacerbated by geopolitical instability and volatility in energy prices impacting on fertiliser supplies and production costs. Net zero strategies are vital to achieve both food security and address negative environmental impacts. This perspective paper reviews and assesses the most viable options (actions) to achieve net zero with a focus on the arable/livestock and protected cropping sectors in the UK. The methodology was based on a synthesis of relevant literature, coupled with expert opinions using the holistic PESTLE (Political, Environmental, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental) approach to categorise actions, leading to formulation of a roadmap to achieve net zero. The PESTLE analysis indicated that there are technically and economically viable actions available which need to be prioritised depending on the ease of their implementation within the two crop sectors investigated. These actions include (i) policy changes that are better aligned to net zero; (ii) circular economy approaches; (iii) connectivity and accessibility of information; (iv) increased resilience to shocks; (v) changing diets, nutrition and lifestyles; (vi) target setting and attainment; and (vii) farm economics and livelihoods. The outputs can be used by stakeholders and decision makers to inform policy and drive meaningful changes in global food and environmental security.

Funder

the Higher Education Innovation Funding (HEIF) provided by UKRI and facilitated through Cranfield University

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Agronomy and Crop Science,Animal Science and Zoology,Ecology

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