The Motivating Role of Envy

Abstract

In reviewing management textbooks, the construct of envy, which plays a major role as motivator, seems to be nonexistent. In this article, the meaning, origin, and function of envy are explored. Particular attention is paid to ways of dealing with envy—patterns of action that combine envy avoidance and envy-inducing components in an intricate way. Among the alternative strategies discussed are idealization, denial, reaction formation, rationalization, withdrawal, devaluation, the drive to excel, and reparation. The article demonstrates how envy turns into a significant motivator when seen in the context of organizational life.