Examination of Measurement Invariance Across Culture and Gender on the RCMAS-2 Short Form Among Singapore and U.S. Adolescents

Abstract

Tests of measurement invariance were conducted across culture and gender on the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale–Second Edition (RCMAS-2) Short Form in a sample of 1,003 Singapore and U.S. adolescents. The results of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses across culture and gender supported at least partial measurement invariance. ANOVA results indicated significant cultural and gender effects, with U.S. adolescents reporting higher levels of anxiety than Singapore adolescents, but with a negligible effect size, and females reporting higher levels of anxiety than males on the RCMAS-2 Short Form. Implications of the findings of the study are discussed.