Simple endovascular coiling: An effective long-term solution for wide-necked ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms? A 10-years retrospective study

Abstract

Background Endovascular coiling is usually the first line treatment modality for most ruptured intracranial aneurysms. However, there is still some debate as to whether microsurgical clipping or coiling is the treatment of choice for complex wide-necked ruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms. Our aim was to assess the efficacy, safety and longevity of simple endovascular coiling for ruptured MCA aneurysms Methods This was a single-centre 10 years retrospective study (2008–2019) of all endovascularly treated patients with ruptured MCA aneurysms ( n = 148). Patients were treated with simple coiling ( n = 111), balloon-assisted coiling ( n = 13), dual micro-catheter coiling ( n = 19), balloon-assisted and dual micro-catheter coiling ( n = 4) and woven endobridge (WEB) device ( n = 1). The standard follow-up protocol consisted of Magnetic Resonance angiography at 6, 12 and 24 months. Our primary endpoints were mortality at 2, 12 and 24 months and dependency at discharge. Secondary endpoints included aneurysm occlusion, complications, re-canalisation, rebleeding and retreatment rates. Results All-cause mortality at 2, 12 and 24 months was 4.7% ( n = 7), 8.1% ( n = 12) and 10.8% ( n = 16), respectively. 81.3% of patients remained independent in activities of daily livings (ADLs) at the point of discharge. Over a mean follow-up period of 19.7 months, we demonstrated re-bleeding and re-treatment rates of 2.7% ( n = 4) and 4.1% ( n = 6) respectively. Complete occlusion was achieved in 54% ( n = 79) of aneurysms, with recanalisation observed in 18.2% ( n = 27) of the patients. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that simple endovascular coiling techniques offer a safe and effective solution in the management of ruptured MCA aneurysms without the requirement for re-treatment either surgically or endovascularly using endoluminal stents or other devices.