Microsurgical clipping and endovascular treatment of middle cerebral artery aneurysms in an interdisciplinary treatment concept: Comparison of long-term results

Abstract

Objective Treatment of middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms has been historically considered as the almost exclusive domain of microsurgical clipping. This retrospective single-center study assesses whether microsurgical clipping or endovascular treatment (i.e. coiling and/or stenting) for MCA aneurysms yielded better occlusion rates and clinical outcome. Methods We identified patients with a minimum clinical follow-up of 12 months who had undergone MCA aneurysm repair either by clipping or by endovascular treatment between 2005 and 2015. Aneurysm occlusion rates were assessed by the Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification (RROC) and patients’ clinical outcome was measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). All patients had been treated in an interdisciplinary treatment concept at a large neurovascular center; both treatment modalities were available at all times. Results Ninety-two eligible patients with MCA aneurysms, of whom 21.7% patients were treated for subarachnoid hemorrhages, were included; 38 patients underwent endovascular therapy and 54 clipping. The median age at treatment was 53.5 years (range, 25–79 years) and the median clinical follow-up was 98.5 months (range, 18–213 months). Occlusion rates were significantly higher in the clipping cohort (RROC = 1: 96.3% vs 78.9%; p = 0.04), long-term clinical outcome was better in the endovascular treatment cohort (mRS ≤ 1: 100.0% vs 90.8%; p < 0.01). Permanent treatment-associated morbidity was seen more commonly in the clipping cohort (9.3% vs 0.0%). Conclusions Both treatment modalities are associated with excellent clinical and radiological outcome if applied within an interdisciplinary treatment concept. Endovascular aneurysm repair appears to be an attractive treatment alternative compared to clipping with low complication rates for well-selected patients.