Socioenvironmental Risk Factors for Adolescent Marijuana Use in a United States-Mexico Border Community

Author:

Valdez Elizabeth Salerno1ORCID,Valdez Luis1ORCID,Korchmaros Josephine2,Garcia David O.3,Stevens Sally2,Sabo Samantha4,Carvajal Scott3

Affiliation:

1. Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA

2. Southwest Institute for Research on Women, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

3. Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

4. Center for Health Equity Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA

Abstract

Purpose: We examined how socioenvironmental risk factors unique to the United States-Mexico border, defined as border community and immigration stress, normalization of drug trafficking, and perceived disordered neighborhood stress, contribute to tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use among adolescents residing there. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: The study was conducted at a high school on the United States-Mexico border. Subjects: A sample of 445 primarily Hispanic students (ages 14-18). Measure: Perceived Disordered Neighborhood Stress Scale, Border Community and Immigration Stress Scale, and Normalization of Drug Trafficking Scale. Analysis: Logistic regression assessed the association between the socioenvironmental risk factors and past 30-day tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use. Results: Participants with higher border community and immigration stress scores were significantly more likely to have used tobacco (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.41, P < .01) and alcohol (aOR = 1.31, P < .01) in the past 30 days. Perceived disordered neighborhood stress also was associated with past 30-day alcohol use (aOR = 1.46, P < .00). The normalization of drug trafficking was associated with past 30-day marijuana use (aOR = 1.45, P < .05). Conclusions: Public health practitioners, educational institutions, and policy makers should consider the economic and normative environment of the United States-Mexico border for future substance use prevention and risk reduction efforts targeting border adolescents.

Funder

National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Health(social science)

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