Factors Associated With Frequency of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among US Adults With Diabetes or Prediabetes

Abstract

Purpose: This study assessed the associations between sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake among US adults with diabetes or prediabetes. Design: Quantitative, cross-sectional study. Setting: The 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Participants: A total of 13 268 adults with diabetes and 9330 adults with prediabetes (median response rate: 46.8%). Measures: The outcome measure was SSB intake (0, >0 to <1, and ≥1 time/day). The exposure measures were sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics. Analysis: Both crude and age-adjusted prevalences were calculated. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to estimate the adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) for SSB intake by participants’ characteristics. Results: In 2013, 22.0% adults with diabetes and 38.2% adults with prediabetes consumed SSBs ≥1 time/day. Among adults with diabetes, adjusted PR for consuming SSBs ≥1 time/day was significantly greater for those who had shorter duration of diabetes (≤5 years: PR = 1.47; 6-10 years: PR = 1.33 vs ≥11 years), less frequently self-checking blood sugar (≥0 to <1 time/day: PR = 1.69; ≥1 to <3 times/day: PR = 1.43 vs ≥3 times/day), and no self-management of diabetes course taken (PR = 1.25 vs yes). Among adults with prediabetes, testing blood sugar ≤3 years was not associated with consuming SSBs ≥1 time/day. Conclusion: Daily SSB intake was associated with various characteristics among adults with diabetes or prediabetes. The findings can inform efforts to decrease SSB intake among high-risk populations.