Rethinking “(Under) Performance” for Black English Speakers: Beyond Achievement to Opportunity

Author:

Smith Patriann1ORCID,Kumi-Yeboah Alex2,Chang Rong1,Lee Jaehoon1,Frazier Paul3

Affiliation:

1. Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA

2. State University of New York, New York City, USA

3. University of South Alabama, Mobile, USA

Abstract

We draw on the concept of the opportunity gap explanatory framework in this study to problematize the notion of “(under)performance” of Black American (i.e., African American) and Black immigrant youth. Examining reading literacy achievement results of Black American and Black immigrant youth using a corpus of data from the 2012 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), we demonstrate the ways in which these youth self-identified as language speakers on the PISA reading literacy assessment measure, the influence of this self-identification on interpretations of their reading literacy, and the influence of other demographic factors on this achievement across subgroups. We suggest that the disaggregation of data for Black subpopulations can allow for a better understanding of the ways in which demographic, social, and cultural factors impact achievement within specific Black subgroups. We also highlight the need for reframing examinations of Black students’ literacies in ways that are humanizing. Implications for research, practice, and policy are provided.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Sociology and Political Science,Anthropology,Cultural Studies

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