A Preliminary Examination of Situation Awareness and Pilot Performance in a Synthetic Vision Environment

Abstract

Synthetic vision displays utilize computer generated imagery derived from an onboard database of terrain, obstacle, and airport information to provide pilots with an unobstructed view of the world ahead. A major goal of these displays is to reduce low visibility related aviation accidents such as CFIT. In addition to improving pilot performance, synthetic vision displays may also affect pilot situation awareness. Prototype synthetic vision displays were examined in a high-resolution graphics simulation facility at NASA Langley Research Center. Two display sizes, two fields of view, and the presence of a tunnel guidance system were manipulated to investigate the effects on pilot performance and situation awareness. Use of a tunnel guidance system improved pilot performance and lowered reported mental workload. Participants reported lower workload and increased situation awareness with the smaller display size. There were no profound performance differences as a function of display size. Implications of retrofitting synthetic vision displays into existing aircrafts is discussed.