Resection of Central Hepatic Malignant Lesions

Abstract

Tumors within the central hepatic region can be managed by various operative techniques. The aim of hepatic resection should be to render the patient free of disease while limiting the excision of functioning parenchyma. Technical feasibility, improved anatomical understanding, and advanced support services have enabled access to lesions previously considered unresectable. Various surgical options and outcomes from a single surgeon's experience are presented. Thirty-three patients underwent surgical resection for central hepatic lesions adjacent to the anterior hilar plate from 1980 to 2001. The mean patient age was 55.7 years (range 34–82). The mean lesion size was 7.7 cm (2–21). Malignant lesions were most commonly encountered in segments IV and V (43%). The most common resection performed was a central hepatic resection (55%) followed by right trisegmentectomy (27%). Resections were primarily performed for metastatic colon cancer (48%), cholangiocarcinoma (25%), and hepatocellular carcinoma (15%). The 5-year survival was 45 per cent for metastatic colon cancer, 20 per cent for cholangiocarcinoma, and 66 per cent for hepatocellular carcinoma. The overall morbidity was 43 per cent, and there was a single mortality. The size, location, and extension of hepatic tumors are important factors that may predict the extent of hepatic resection. Small centrally located focal lesions are amenable to central hepatic resection with biliary reconstitution hence limiting extensive resections. Valuable 5-year patient survival and a low mortality rate were achieved.