Dynamics and variability in the pleiotropic effects of adaptation in laboratory budding yeast populations

Author:

Bakerlee Christopher W12ORCID,Phillips Angela M2ORCID,Nguyen Ba Alex N23,Desai Michael M2456ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University

2. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University

3. Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto

4. Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge

5. NSF-Simons Center for Mathematical and Statistical Analysis of Biology, Harvard University

6. Quantitative Biology Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge

Abstract

Evolutionary adaptation to a constant environment is driven by the accumulation of mutations which can have a range of unrealized pleiotropic effects in other environments. These pleiotropic consequences of adaptation can influence the emergence of specialists or generalists, and are critical for evolution in temporally or spatially fluctuating environments. While many experiments have examined the pleiotropic effects of adaptation at a snapshot in time, very few have observed the dynamics by which these effects emerge and evolve. Here, we propagated hundreds of diploid and haploid laboratory budding yeast populations in each of three environments, and then assayed their fitness in multiple environments over 1000 generations of evolution. We find that replicate populations evolved in the same condition share common patterns of pleiotropic effects across other environments, which emerge within the first several hundred generations of evolution. However, we also find dynamic and environment-specific variability within these trends: variability in pleiotropic effects tends to increase over time, with the extent of variability depending on the evolution environment. These results suggest shifting and overlapping contributions of chance and contingency to the pleiotropic effects of adaptation, which could influence evolutionary trajectories in complex environments that fluctuate across space and time.

Funder

National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate

National Institutes of Health

Howard Hughes Medical Institute

National Science Foundation

Harvard University

Publisher

eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd

Subject

General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine,General Neuroscience

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