1. Department of Computer Science, College of Computer Science and Information Systems, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
2. Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3. Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K.
4. School of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, U.K.