Directions of the laboratory diagnostics improving of the socially significant hemocontact viral infections in the military medical organizations

Abstract

In this study we have shown the relevance of the nucleic acid testing for the diagnosis of the human immunodeficiency virus infection and hemocontact viral hepatitis in the military medical organizations as well as the experience of majority of the foreign countries that actively apply modern molecular methodologies for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. The possibility of using the rapid tests, molecular biology techniques and an alternative carrier of the biological material the dry drop method, the potential of this method of biological material preparation in infectious diseases diagnostics in case of laboratory remoteness and for follow-up observation of patients with socially significant hemocontact viral infections is shown. New algorithm of human immunodeficiency virus infection laboratory testing using polymerase chain reaction as an expert test followed by methods of determination of recency of acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus antibodies especially in questionable laboratory result cases are proposed. Promising molecular genetic methods for implementation in laboratories in military medical organizations such as nester-polymerase chain reaction, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, digital polymerase chain reaction, mass spectrometry of polymerase chain reaction amplicons, Deoxyribonucleic acid sequence are observed. We have defined the main approaches to improve laboratory diagnostics of social significant hemocontact viral infections in military medical organizations: optimization of logistics of pre-analytical step with expansion of validated biomaterial samples storage and delivery methods (including dry drop); reduction in the duration of analytical phase through increase in the clinical use of polymerase chain reaction testing (including isothermic variant); improving the sensitivity and accuracy of serological and molecular diagnostics; development of validation methodology and laboratory tests results interpretation While ensuring military medical expertise. The necessity of specialists training in new diagnostics techniques and result interpretation, improving regulatory framework on examination and registration of human immunodeficiency virus positive military officers, determination of the legal status of cases with unfinished human immunodeficiency virus diagnostic process in order to ensure timely preventive and treatment care events and to objectify statistical recording of this category.