Stability, thermophsical properties of nanofluids, and applications in solar collectors: A review

Abstract

<abstract> <p>Recently, renewable energies have attracted the significant attention of scientists. Nanofluids are fluids carrying nano-sized particles dispersed in base fluids. The improved heat transfer by nanofluids has been used in several heat-transfer applications. Nanofluids' stability is very essential to keep their thermophysical properties over a long period of time after their production. Therefore, a global approach including stability and thermophysical properties is necessary to achieve the synthesis of nanofluids with exceptional thermal properties. In this context, the objective of this paper is to summarize current advances in the study of nanofluids, such as manufacturing procedures, the mechanism of stability assessment, stability enhancement procedures, thermophysical properties, and characterization of nanofluids. Also, the factors influencing thermophysical properties were studied. In conclusion, we discuss the application of nanofluids in solar collectors.</p> </abstract>