Flexible and Stretchable Three-Dimensional (3D) Devices

Abstract

Developments of ways to fabricate complex three-dimensional (3D) structures enable the controlling of physical and chemical properties of the electrical systems. Especially, owing to the rapid developments of the fabrication processes (e.g., the 3D printing, origami, and mechanical buckling process), researchers have integrated multifunctional and sophisticated 3D structures with flexible and stretchable substrates for high electrical, mechanical, and optical performances. In this review, we highlight the latest research on flexible and stretchable electric systems integrated with 3D structures such as a super-sensitive pressure sensor, a high-performance wearable monitoring system, a multi-functional cell scaffold, a foldable thermoelectric generator, a wearable energy harvesting system, a hemispherical photodetector array, and a projection screen with the reversible state changes. In subsequent sections, we summarize the advanced research results and provide future strategies for flexible and stretchable 3D electronic devices.