Effect of thermal annealing on physical, structural, and performance variation of graphene oxide: A review

Author:

Singh Pankaj Kumar1ORCID,Singh Pradeep Kumar1,Sharma Kamal1,Kumari Soni1

Affiliation:

1. Micro-Nano Development Research Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, GLA University Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Graphene is a two-dimensional monolayer planar sheet containing carbon atoms that are sp2-bonded to one other and tightly packed in a honeycomb crystal structure. Because of its extraordinary qualities, graphene and its derivatives, such as functionalized graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have attracted substantial attention in a variety of applications. The synthesis of graphene and its derivatives of high quality can be accomplished by the employment of a several different methods. When subjected to various reduction methods, GO and rGO emerge with distinctive sets of properties. These features, in turn, have an impact on the graphene’s overall usefulness and performance. This paper provides an overview of the influence that thermal annealing has on the structural and physical properties of graphene. Following the thermal annealing, GO was converted into rGO, and this allowed for the coherent crystal structure of rGO to be restored. It has been found that the annealing temperature has a direct relationship with the crystallite size. The results of the recorded Raman spectra demonstrate that the degree of imperfection ([Formula: see text] ratio) can sometimes be found to increase while at other times it can be found to decrease. There has not been any conclusive evidence to support either the hypothesis that annealing is employed to polish graphene or the hypothesis that this can lead to changes in doping, defect levels, and strain consequences. Additionally, the impact that thermal annealing has on the functionality and performance variations of rGO has been analyzed and explained. This study concluded with a concise review, a discussion of the challenges faced, and a discussion of the opportunities presented by the graphene.

Publisher

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd

Subject

Condensed Matter Physics,Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

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