Mixed convective thermally radiative viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid flow in a vertical channel: Entropy generation analysis

Abstract

The utilization of a new category of nanofluids, termed hybrid nanofluid, has recently been adopted to elevate the heat transfer rate. This research aims to analyze the significance of thermal radiative flux and entropy generation on the flow of hybrid nanofluid within a vertical channel. Specifically, the Al2O3–TiO2/CMC-water hybrid nanofluid is assumed to be produced by suspending hybrid nanoparticles of alumina (Al2O3) and titanium oxide (TiO2) in CMC-water (0.0–0.4%). The equations governing the problem are converted into a set of ordinary differential equations by utilizing appropriate similarity conversions, which are then solved through the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The Brinkman number’s significant influence on the Bejan number and the regulation of entropy in the system is discovered. The results of the skin friction coefficient, heat transfer rate, entropy generation, and Bejan number are depicted through graphical representation, covering a wide range of parameter values.