Immune and behavioral correlates of protection against symptomatic post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection
Author:
Goguet EmilieORCID, Olsen Cara H.ORCID, Meyer William A.ORCID, Ansari Sara, Powers John H.ORCID, Conner Tonia L., Coggins Si’Ana A.ORCID, Wang Wei, Wang Richard, Illinik Luca, Edwards Margaret Sanchez, Jackson-Thompson Belinda M.ORCID, Hollis-Perry MoniqueORCID, Wang Gregory, Alcorta Yolanda, Wong Mimi A., Saunders David, Mohammed Roshila, Balogun Bolatito, Kobi Priscilla, Kosh Lakeesha, Bishop-Lilly KimberlyORCID, Cer Regina Z.ORCID, Arnold Catherine E., Voegtly Logan J.ORCID, Fitzpatrick Maren, Luquette Andrea E., Malagon FranciscoORCID, Ortega Orlando, Parmelee Edward, Davies Julian, Lindrose Alyssa R.ORCID, Haines-Hull HannahORCID, Moser Matthew S.ORCID, Samuels Emily C., Tso Marana S., Graydon Elizabeth K., Malloy Allison M.W.ORCID, Tribble David R.ORCID, Burgess Timothy H., Campbell Wesley, Robinson Sara, Broder Christopher C., O’Connell Robert J., Weiss Carol D.ORCID, Pollett Simon, Laing Eric D.ORCID, Mitre EdwardORCID
Abstract
AbstractWe sought to determine pre-infection correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 post-vaccine infections (PVI) acquired during the first Omicron wave in the United States. Serum and saliva samples from 176 vaccinated adults were collected from October to December of 2021, immediately before the Omicron wave, and assessed for SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific IgG and IgA binding antibodies (bAb). Sera were also assessed for bAb using commercial assays, and for neutralization activity against several SARS-CoV-2 variants. PVI duration and severity, as well as risk and precautionary behaviors, were assessed by questionnaires. Serum anti-Spike IgG levels assessed by research assay, neutralization titers against Omicron subvariants, and low home risk scores correlated with protection against PVIs after multivariable regression analysis. Commercial assays did not perform as well as research assay, likely due to their lower dynamic range. In the 32 participants that developed PVI, anti-Spike IgG bAbs correlated with lower disease severity and shorter duration of illness.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
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