Mind the social feedback: effects of tDCS applied to the left DLPFC on psychophysiological responses during the anticipation and reception of social evaluations

Author:

Allaert Jens123ORCID,De Raedt Rudi3,Sanchez-Lopez Alvaro4,Baeken Chris1235,Vanderhasselt Marie-Anne123

Affiliation:

1. Department of Head and Skin, University Hospital Ghent (UZ Ghent), Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

2. Ghent Experimental Psychiatry (GHEP) Lab, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

3. Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

4. Department of Clinical Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain

5. Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), University Hospital UZ Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium

Abstract

Abstract The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) is implicated in anticipatory (i.e. during anticipation of emotional stimuli) and online (i.e. during confrontation with emotional stimuli) emotion regulatory processes. However, research that investigates the causal role of the lDLPFC in these processes is lacking. In this study, 74 participants received active or sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the lDLPFC. Participants were told strangers evaluated them. These (rigged) social evaluations were presented, and in 50% of the trials, participants could anticipate the valence (positive or negative) of the upcoming social feedback. Pupil dilation (a marker of cognitive resource allocation) and skin conductance responses (a marker of arousal) were measured. The results indicate that active (compared to sham) tDCS reduced arousal during the confrontation with anticipated feedback but only marginally during the confrontation with unanticipated feedback. When participants were given the opportunity to anticipate the social feedback, tDCS reduced arousal, irrespective of whether one was anticipating or being confronted with the anticipated feedback. Moreover, tDCS reduced cognitive resource allocation during anticipation, which was associated with resource allocation increases during the subsequent confrontation. Altogether, results suggest that the lDLPFC is causally implicated in the interplay between anticipatory and online emotion regulatory processes.

Funder

Research Foundation Flanders

Special Research Fund Ghent University

Ghent University Multidisciplinary Research Partnership

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cognitive Neuroscience,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology,General Medicine

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