1. Francis I. Proctor Foundation, San Francisco
2. Department of Ophthalmology, San Francisco
3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco
4. Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco
5. School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
6. Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, United Kingdom