Reduced Hippocampal Volume and Its Relationship With Verbal Memory and Negative Symptoms in Treatment-Naive First-Episode Adolescent-Onset Schizophrenia

Author:

Duan Xujun12,He Changchun12,Ou Jianjun34,Wang Runshi12,Xiao Jinming12,Li Lei12,Wu Renrong345,Zhang Yan6,Zhao Jingping34,Chen Huafu12

Affiliation:

1. MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China

2. School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China

3. Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China

4. National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China

5. Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

6. Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China

Abstract

Abstract Accumulating neuroimaging evidence has shown remarkable volume reductions in the hippocampi of patients with schizophrenia. However, the relationship among hippocampal morphometry, clinical symptoms, and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia is still unclear. In this study, high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired in 36 patients with adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS, age range: 13–18 years) and 30 age-, gender-, and education-matched typically developing controls (TDCs). Hippocampal volume was assessed automatically through volumetric segmentation and measurement. After adjusting for total intracranial volume, we found reduced hippocampal volume in individuals with AOS compared with TDCs, and the hippocampal volume was positively correlated with verbal memory and negatively correlated with negative symptoms in AOS. In addition, mediation analysis revealed the indirect effect of hippocampal volume on negative symptoms via verbal memory impairment. When the negative symptoms were represented by 2 dimensions of deficits in emotional expression (EXP) and deficits in motivation and pleasure (MAP), the indirect effect was significant for EXP but not for MAP. Our findings provide further evidence of hippocampal volume reduction in AOS and highlight verbal memory impairment as a mediator to influence the relationship between hippocampal morphometry and negative symptoms, especially the EXP dimension of negative symptoms, in individuals with AOS.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health

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