Affiliation:
1. Food Science and Technology Programme, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Fruit and vegetable (FV) intake has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Beyond increasing FV intake, the incorporation of other healthy dietary changes may help to further attenuate CVD risk.
Objective
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of increasing FV intake to > 3 servings daily as well as incorporating other healthy dietary changes on classical CVD risk factors through a systematic review, meta-regression, and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Data Sources
The following databases were searched: PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Medline (ProQuest), and Cochrane Library.
Data Extraction
82, 24, and 10 articles were selected for the systematic review, meta-regression, and meta-analysis, respectively.
Data Analysis
Meta-regression analysis showed a dose-dependent response between the number of FV servings consumed in each intervention group and the blood triglyceride change value. Pooled weighted mean differences from the meta-analysis suggested that increasing FV intake to > 3 servings daily contributes to significant decreases in triglyceride (−0.10 mmol/L; 95%CI, −0.18 to −0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (−1.99 mmHg; 95%CI, −2.28 to −1.70) as well as marginal decreases in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. While improvements were observed in the triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol response following the incorporation of other healthy dietary changes, no additional cardiovascular benefits were observed when FV intake was increased from > 3 to > 5 servings daily.
Conclusion
Increasing FV intake to > 3 servings daily improves CVD risk factors, most distinctly triglyceride, especially when complemented with other healthy dietary changes.
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Subject
Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Cited by
19 articles.
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