Reallocating desk workers’ sitting time to standing or stepping: associations with work performance

Author:

Lin C-Y123,Shibata A4,Ishii K2,Koohsari M J256,Hadgraft N37,Dunstan D W67,Owen N37,Oka K2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University , Taichung, 406040 Taiwan

2. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Tokorozawa, 359-1192 Japan

3. Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology , Melbourne, Victoria, 3122 Australia

4. Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba, 305-8577 Japan

5. School of Knowledge Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Nomi, 923-1292 Japan

6. Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University , Geelong, Victoria, 3216 Australia

7. Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute , Melbourne, Victoria, 3004 Australia

Abstract

Abstract Background Studies have suggested that sitting time at work may lead to underperformance but they may underestimate the benefits to desk workers’ performance of reducing occupational sitting time without considering the relative effects of the specific activities replaced. Aims To estimate differences in work performance (presenteeism, absenteeism and engagement) when occupational sitting time is reallocated to standing/stepping in desk workers. Methods Data for middle-aged desk workers were from a Japan-wide online survey (n = 2228). Self-report proportion of occupational sitting and standing/stepping, work hours and work performance indicators, including absolute (ratings relating only to self) and relative (ratings of self, compared to others) presenteeism and absenteeism, and dimensions of work engagement, were collected. Partition and isotemporal substitution models were used to investigate the associations of occupational sitting and standing/stepping time with work performance, including their reallocation effects. Results In partition models, longer occupational sitting time was associated with a lower absolute presenteeism score (i.e. less productivity), lower absolute absenteeism (i.e. longer-than-expected work hours), and lower engagement. Longer occupational standing/stepping time was associated with lower absolute absenteeism and more engagement. Isotemporal substitution models showed that each hour of occupational sitting reallocated to standing/stepping was favourably associated with overall work engagement (B = 0.087; 95% confidence interval 0.051, 0.122) and its dimensions (B ranged from 0.078 to 0.092), but was not associated with presenteeism or absenteeism. Conclusions These findings suggest that management support and practical initiatives to encourage desk workers to replace portions of their sitting time with standing/stepping may contribute to enhanced work engagement.

Funder

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

KAKENHI

Victorian Government

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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