Assessing tension metrics with dark energy survey and Planck data-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Assessing tension metrics with dark energy survey and Planck data

Published:2021-06-14 Issue:4 Volume:505 Page:6179-6194
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Lemos P¹²^ORCID,Raveri M³,Campos A⁴,Park Y⁵,Chang C³⁶,Weaverdyck N⁷,Huterer D⁷,Liddle A R⁸⁹¹⁰,Blazek J¹¹¹²,Cawthon R¹³,Choi A¹¹,DeRose J¹⁴,Dodelson S⁴,Doux C¹⁵,Gatti M¹⁵,Gruen D¹⁶¹⁷¹⁸,Harrison I¹⁹²⁰,Krause E²¹,Lahav O²,MacCrann N²²,Muir J¹⁷,Prat J⁶,Rau M M⁴,Rollins R P²⁰,Samuroff S⁴,Zuntz J⁸,Aguena M²³²⁴,Allam S²⁵,Annis J²⁵,Avila S²⁶,Bacon D²⁷,Bernstein G M¹⁵,Bertin E²⁸²⁹,Brooks D²,Burke D L¹⁷¹⁸,Carnero Rosell A²⁴³⁰³¹,Carrasco Kind M³²³³,Carretero J³⁴,Castander F J³⁵³⁶,Conselice C²⁰³⁷,Costanzi M³⁸³⁹⁴⁰,Crocce M³⁵³⁶,Pereira M E S⁷,Davis T M⁴¹,De Vicente J⁴²,Desai S⁴³,Diehl H T²⁵,Doel P²,Eckert K¹⁵,Eifler T F²¹⁴⁴,Elvin-Poole J¹¹⁴⁵,Everett S⁴⁶,Evrard A E⁷⁴⁷,Ferrero I⁴⁸,Ferté A⁴⁴,Flaugher B²⁵,Fosalba P³⁵³⁶,Frieman J³²⁵,García-Bellido J²⁶,Gaztanaga E³⁵³⁶,Gerdes D W⁷⁴⁷,Giannantonio T⁴⁹⁵⁰,Gruendl R A³²³³,Gschwend J²⁴⁵¹,Gutierrez G²⁵,Hartley W G⁵²,Hinton S R⁴¹,Hollowood D L⁴⁶,Honscheid K¹¹⁴⁵,Hoyle B⁵³⁵⁴,Huff E M⁴⁴,James D J⁵⁵,Jarvis M¹⁵,Lima M²³²⁴,Maia M A G²⁴⁵¹,March M¹⁵,Marshall J L⁵⁶,Martini P¹¹⁵⁷⁵⁸,Melchior P⁵⁹,Menanteau F³²³³,Miquel R³⁴⁶⁰,Mohr J J⁵³⁵⁴,Morgan R¹³,Myles J¹⁶¹⁷¹⁸,Ogando R L C⁵¹,Palmese A³²⁵,Pandey S¹⁵,Paz-Chinchón F³²⁴⁹,Plazas Malagón A A⁵⁹,Rodriguez-Monroy M⁴²,Roodman A¹⁷¹⁸,Sanchez E⁴²,Scarpine V²⁵,Schubnell M⁷,Secco L F¹⁵,Serrano S³⁵³⁶,Sevilla-Noarbe I⁴²,Smith M⁶¹,Soares-Santos M⁷,Suchyta E⁶²,Swanson M E C³²,Tarle G⁷,Thomas D²⁷,To C¹⁶¹⁷¹⁸,Troxel M A⁶³,Varga T N⁵⁴⁶⁴,Weller J⁵⁴⁶⁴,Wester W²⁵,

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK

2. Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK

3. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago IL 60637, USA

4. Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USA

5. Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan

6. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

7. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

8. Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UK

9. Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1769-016 Lisboa, Portugal

10. Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline St. North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada

11. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

12. Institute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix, Switzerland

13. Physics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706-1390, USA

14. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

15. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA

16. Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

17. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University, PO Box 2450, Stanford, CA 94305, USA

18. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA

19. Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK

20. Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

21. Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA

22. Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, UK

23. Departamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, SP 05314-970, Brazil

24. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil

25. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA

26. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

27. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK

28. CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France

29. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, F-75014 Paris, France

30. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

31. Dpto. Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

32. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA

33. Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

34. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain

35. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), E-08034 Barcelona, Spain

36. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

37. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK

38. Astronomy Unit, Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

39. INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy

40. Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy

41. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia

42. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain

43. Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad, Kandi, Telangana 502285, India

44. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USA

45. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

46. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA

47. Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

48. Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo. P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway

49. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

50. Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

51. Observatório Nacional, Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil

52. Department of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Écogia 16, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

53. Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany

54. Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse, D-85748 Garching, Germany

55. Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

56. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA

57. Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA

58. Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

59. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

60. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain

61. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

62. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

63. Department of Physics, Duke University Durham, NC 27708, USA

64. Universitäts-Sternwarte, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Scheinerstr. 1, D-81679 München, Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT Quantifying tensions – inconsistencies amongst measurements of cosmological parameters by different experiments – has emerged as a crucial part of modern cosmological data analysis. Statistically significant tensions between two experiments or cosmological probes may indicate new physics extending beyond the standard cosmological model and need to be promptly identified. We apply several tension estimators proposed in the literature to the dark energy survey (DES) large-scale structure measurement and Planck cosmic microwave background data. We first evaluate the responsiveness of these metrics to an input tension artificially introduced between the two, using synthetic DES data. We then apply the metrics to the comparison of Planck and actual DES Year 1 data. We find that the parameter differences, Eigentension, and Suspiciousness metrics all yield similar results on both simulated and real data, while the Bayes ratio is inconsistent with the rest due to its dependence on the prior volume. Using these metrics, we calculate the tension between DES Year 1 3 × 2pt and Planck, finding the surveys to be in ∼2.3σ tension under the ΛCDM paradigm. This suite of metrics provides a toolset for robustly testing tensions in the DES Year 3 data and beyond.

Funder

U.S. Department of Energy

National Science Foundation

Science and Technology Facilities Council

Higher Education Funding Council for England

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

University of Chicago

Ohio State University

Texas A&M University

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico