The dark energy survey supernova program: investigating beyond-ΛCDM

Author:

Camilleri R1ORCID,Davis T M1ORCID,Vincenzi M2ORCID,Shah P3ORCID,Frieman J45,Kessler R6,Armstrong P7,Brout D8,Carr A1,Chen R2ORCID,Galbany L9,Glazebrook K10,Hinton S R1,Lee J11,Lidman C712,Möller A10,Popovic B2,Qu H11,Sako M11,Scolnic D2,Smith M13,Sullivan M13,Sánchez B O14,Taylor G7,Toy M13,Wiseman P13,Abbott T M C15,Aguena M16,Allam S4,Alves O17,Annis J4,Avila S18,Bacon D19,Bertin E2021,Bocquet S22,Brooks D3,Burke D L2324,Rosell A Carnero1625,Carretero J18,Castander F J926,da Costa L N16,Pereira M E S27,Desai S28,Diehl H T4,Doel P3,Doux C1114,Everett S29,Ferrero I30,Flaugher B4,Fosalba P9,García-Bellido J31,Gatti M11,Gaztanaga E91926,Giannini G518,Gruen D22,Hollowood D L32,Honscheid K3334,James D J8,Kuehn K3536,Lahav O3,Lee S29,Lewis G F37,Marshall J L38,Mena-Fernández J39,Miquel R1840,Muir J41,Myles J42,Ogando R L C43,Pieres A16,Malagón A A Plazas2324,Porredon A44,Rodriguez-Monroy M31,Sanchez E45,Cid D Sanchez45,Schubnell M17,Sevilla-Noarbe I45,Suchyta E46,Swanson M E C47,Tarle G17,Walker A R15,Weaverdyck N4849,

Affiliation:

1. School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland , Brisbane QLD 4072 , Australia

2. Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham , NC 27708 , USA

3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT , UK

4. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510 , USA

5. Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637 , USA

6. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL 60637 , USA

7. The Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University , Canberra, ACT 2601 , Australia

8. Center for Astrophysics, Harvard and Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 , USA

9. Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC) , Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n, E-08193 Barcelona , Spain

10. Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology , VIC 3122 , Australia

11. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA

12. Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, College of Science, The Australian National University , ACT 2601 , Australia

13. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ , UK

14. Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS , LPSC-IN2P3, F-38000 Grenoble , France

15. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , Casilla 603, La Serena , Chile

16. Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro RJ - 20921-400 , Brazil

17. Department of Physics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 , USA

18. Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) , Spain

19. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth PO1 3FX , UK

20. CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris , F-75014 Paris , France

21. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris , F-75014 Paris , France

22. University Observatory, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Scheinerstr. 1 , D-81679 Munich , Germany

23. Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, , Stanford, CA 94305 , USA

24. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park, CA 94025 , USA

25. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias , E-38205 La Laguna , Tenerife, Spain

26. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona , Spain

27. Hamburger Sternwarte, Universität Hamburg , Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg , Germany

28. Department of Physics, IIT Hyderabad , Kandi, Telangana 502285 , India

29. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 , USA

30. Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo , Norway

31. Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , E-28049 Madrid , Spain

32. Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics , Santa Cruz, CA 95064 , USA

33. Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 , USA

34. Department of Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210 , USA

35. Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University , North Ryde, NSW 2113 , Australia

36. Lowell Observatory , 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 , USA

37. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, A28, The University of Sydney , NSW 2113 , Australia

38. George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843 , USA

39. LPSC Grenoble - 53 , Avenue des Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble , France

40. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , E-08010 Barcelona , Spain

41. Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics , 31 Caroline St. North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5 , Canada

42. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 , USA

43. Observatório Nacional , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400 , Brazil

44. Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Astronomical Institute, German Centre for Cosmological Lensing , D-44780 Bochum , Germany

45. Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) , 28040 Madrid , Spain

46. Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, TN 37831 , USA

47. Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications , 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801 , USA

48. Department of Astronomy, University of California , Berkeley, 501 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 , USA

49. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720 , USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT We report constraints on a variety of non-standard cosmological models using the full 5-yr photometrically classified type Ia supernova sample from the Dark Energy Survey (DES-SN5YR). Both Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Suspiciousness calculations find no strong evidence for or against any of the non-standard models we explore. When combined with external probes, the AIC and Suspiciousness agree that 11 of the 15 models are moderately preferred over Flat-$\Lambda$CDM suggesting additional flexibility in our cosmological models may be required beyond the cosmological constant. We also provide a detailed discussion of all cosmological assumptions that appear in the DES supernova cosmology analyses, evaluate their impact, and provide guidance on using the DES Hubble diagram to test non-standard models. An approximate cosmological model, used to perform bias corrections to the data holds the biggest potential for harbouring cosmological assumptions. We show that even if the approximate cosmological model is constructed with a matter density shifted by $\Delta \Omega _{\rm m}\sim 0.2$ from the true matter density of a simulated data set the bias that arises is subdominant to statistical uncertainties. Nevertheless, we present and validate a methodology to reduce this bias.

Funder

Australian Research Council

NASA

Space Telescope Science Institute

MCIN

Agencia Estatal de Investigación

AEI

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

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