The GALAH Survey: improving our understanding of confirmed and candidate planetary systems with large stellar surveys

Author:

Clark Jake T1ORCID,Wright Duncan J1,Wittenmyer Robert A1,Horner Jonathan1ORCID,Hinkel Natalie R2,Clerté Mathieu1,Carter Brad D1ORCID,Buder Sven34ORCID,Hayden Michael R45,Bland-Hawthorn Joss45ORCID,Casey Andrew R67ORCID,De Silva Gayandhi M89,D’Orazi Valentina10,Freeman Ken C3,Kos Janez11,Lewis Geraint F5ORCID,Lin Jane34,Lind Karin1213,Martell Sarah L414ORCID,Schlesinger Katharine J3,Sharma Sanjib45ORCID,Simpson Jeffrey D414ORCID,Stello Dennis4514,Zucker Daniel B915,Zwitter Tomaž11ORCID,Munari Ulisse10ORCID,Nordlander Thomas34ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia

2. Space Science and Engineering Division, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA

3. Research School of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Australian National University, ACT 2611, Australia

4. Centre of Excellence for Astrophysics in Three Dimensions (ASTRO-3D), Australia

5. Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, A28, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia

6. Monash Centre for Astrophysics, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia

7. School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia

8. Australian Astronomical Optics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2113, Australia

9. Macquarie University Research Centre for Astronomy, Astrophysics & Astrophotonics, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia

10. Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122, Padova, Italy

11. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

12. Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Centre, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden

13. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia

14. School of Physics, University of New South Wales – Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia

15. Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K onigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pioneering photometric, astrometric, and spectroscopic surveys is helping exoplanetary scientists better constrain the fundamental properties of stars within our galaxy and the planets these stars host. In this study, we use the third data release from the stellar spectroscopic GALAH Survey, coupled with astrometric data of eDR3 from the Gaia satellite, and other data from NASA’s Exoplanet Archive, to refine our understanding of 279 confirmed and candidate exoplanet host stars and their exoplanets. This homogenously analysed data set comprises 105 confirmed exoplanets, along with 146 K2 candidates, 95 TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs), and 52 Community TOIs (CTOIs). Our analysis significantly shifts several previously (unknown) planet parameters while decreasing the uncertainties for others. Our radius estimates suggest that 35 planet candidates are more likely brown dwarfs or stellar companions due to their new radius values. We are able to refine the radii and masses of WASP-47 e, K2-106 b, and CoRoT-7 b to their most precise values yet to less than 2.3 per cent and 8.5 per cent, respectively. We also use stellar rotational values from GALAH to show that most planet candidates will have mass measurements that will be tough to obtain with current ground-based spectrographs. With GALAH’s chemical abundances, we show through chemo-kinematics that there are five planet hosts that are associated with the galaxy’s thick disc, including NGTS-4, K2-183, and K2-337. Finally, we show that there is no statistical difference between the chemical properties of hot Neptune and hot rocky exoplanet hosts, with the possibility that short-period rocky worlds might be the remnant cores of hotter, gaseous worlds.

Funder

Australian Astronomical Observatory

NASA

California Institute of Technology

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Vanderbilt University

JTC

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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