TOI-220 b: a warm sub-Neptune discovered by TESS

Author:

Hoyer S1ORCID,Gandolfi D2ORCID,Armstrong D J34ORCID,Deleuil M1,Acuña L1,de Medeiros J R5,Goffo E2,Lillo-Box J6,Delgado Mena E78,Lopez T A1ORCID,Santerne A1ORCID,Sousa S78,Fridlund M910ORCID,Adibekyan V78,Collins K A11,Serrano L M2ORCID,Cortés-Zuleta P1,Howell S B12,Deeg H1314ORCID,Aguichine A1,Barragán O15ORCID,Bryant E M34,Canto Martins B L5,Collins K I16,Cooke B F34ORCID,Díaz R F17,Esposito M18,Furlan E19,Hojjatpanah S78,Jackman J34ORCID,Jenkins J M12,Jensen E L N20,Latham D W9,Leão I C5,Matson R A21ORCID,Nielsen L D22ORCID,Osborn A34ORCID,Otegi J F2223,Rodler F24,Sabotta S18ORCID,Scott N J12,Seager S252627,Stockdale C28,Strøm P A34ORCID,Vanderspek R25,Van Eylen V29ORCID,Wheatley P J34ORCID,Winn J N30,Almenara J M31ORCID,Barrado D6,Barros S C C78,Bayliss D34ORCID,Bouchy F22,Boyd P T32,Cabrera J33,Cochran W D34,Demangeon O78,Doty J P35,Dumusque X22,Figueira P724,Fong W25,Grziwa S36,Hatzes A P18,Kabáth P37,Knudstrup E38ORCID,Korth J36ORCID,Livingston J H39ORCID,Luque R1314ORCID,Mousis O1,Mullally S E40,Osborn H P2541ORCID,Pallé E1314,Persson C M10,Redfield S42ORCID,Santos N C78,Smith J1243,Šubjak J37,Twicken J D1243,Udry S22,Yahalomi D A1144

Affiliation:

1. Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille 13388, France

2. Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy

3. Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

4. Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

5. Departamento de Física Teórica e Experimental, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, Natal, RN 59072-970, Brazil

6. Centro de Astrobiología (CAB, CSIC-INTA), Depto. de Astrofísica, ESAC campus, E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada (Madrid), Spain

7. Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, P-4150-762 Porto, Portugal

8. Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal

9. Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, NL-2333CA Leiden, the Netherlands

10. Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, Sweden

11. Center for Astrophysics, Harvard and Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

12. NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA

13. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

14. Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

15. Sub-department of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK

16. George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA

17. International Center for Advanced Studies (ICAS) and ICIFI (CONICET), ECyT-UNSAM, Campus Miguelete, 25 de Mayo y Francia, (1650) Buenos Aires, Argentina

18. Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Sternwarte 5, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany

19. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech/IPAC, Mail Code 100-22, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

20. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA

21. U.S. Naval Observatory, 3450 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20392, USA

22. Observatoire de l’Université de Genève, Chemin des Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

23. University of Zürich, Institute for Computational Science, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland

24. European Southern Observatory, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile

25. Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

26. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

27. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

28. Hazelwood Observatory, Churchill Victoria, 3842, Australia

29. Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St. Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK

30. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

31. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France

32. Astrophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA

33. Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Planetenforschung, D-12489 Berlin, Rutherfordstrasse 2., Germany

34. Center for Planetary Systems Habitability and McDonald Observatory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78730, USA

35. Noqsi Aerospace Ltd., 15 Blanchard Avenue, Billerica, MA 01821, USA

36. Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung an der Universität zu Köln, Aachener Strasse 209, D-50931 Köln, Germany

37. Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Fričova 298, CZ-25168 Ondřejov, Czech Republic

38. Stellar Astrophysics Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

39. Department of Astronomy, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

40. Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA

41. NCCR/PlanetS, Centre for Space and Habitability, University of Bern, Gesellschaftsstrasse 6 (G6), CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland

42. Astronomy Department and Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, USA

43. SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA

44. Department of Astronomy, Columbia University, 550 W 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this paper, we report the discovery of TOI-220 b, a new sub-Neptune detected by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and confirmed by radial velocity follow-up observations with the HARPS spectrograph. Based on the combined analysis of TESS transit photometry and high precision radial velocity measurements, we estimate a planetary mass of 13.8 ± 1.0 M⊕ and radius of 3.03 ± 0.15 R⊕, implying a bulk density of 2.73 ± 0.47 $\rm {g\,cm}^{-3}$. TOI-220 b orbits a relative bright (V= 10.4) and old (10.1 ± 1.4 Gyr) K dwarf star with a period of ∼10.69 d. Thus, TOI-220 b is a new warm sub-Neptune with very precise mass and radius determinations. A Bayesian analysis of the TOI-220 b internal structure indicates that due to the strong irradiation it receives, the low density of this planet could be explained with a steam atmosphere in radiative–convective equilibrium and a supercritical water layer on top of a differentiated interior made of a silicate mantle and a small iron core.

Funder

CNES

FCT

Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

FEDER

STFC

CRT

CNPq

FAPERN

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

NASA

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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