Episodic accretion and mergers during growth of massive protostars

Author:

Elbakyan Vardan G12ORCID,Nayakshin Sergei1ORCID,Meyer Dominique M-A3ORCID,Vorobyov Eduard I42

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester , Leicester LE1 7RH, UK

2. Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences , 48 Pyatnitskaya St., Moscow 119017, Russia

3. Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany

4. University of Vienna, Department of Astrophysics , Vienna 1180, Austria

Abstract

ABSTRACT 3D simulations of high mass young stellar object (HMYSO) growth show that their circumstellar discs fragment on to multiple self-gravitating objects. Accretion of these by HMYSO may explain episodic accretion bursts discovered recently. We post-process results of a previous 3D simulation of a HMYSO disc with a 1D code that resolves the disc and object dynamics down to the stellar surface. We find that burst-like deposition of material into the inner disc seen in 3D simulations by itself does not always signify powerful accretion bursts. Only high density post-collapse clumps crossing the inner computational boundary may result in observable bursts. The rich physics of the inner disc has a significant impact on the expected accretion bursts: (1) in the standard turbulent viscosity discs, migrating objects can stall at a migration trap at the distance of a few au from the star. However, in discs powered by magnetized winds, the objects are able to cross the trap and produce bursts akin to those observed so far. (2) Migrating objects may interact with and modify the thermal (hydrogen ionization) instability of the inner disc, which can be responsible for longer duration and lower luminosity bursts in HMYSOs. (3) If the central star is bloated to a fraction of an au by a previous episode of high accretion rate, or if the migrating object is particularly dense, a merger rather than a disc-mediated accretion burst results; (4) Object disruption bursts may be super-Eddington, leading to episodic feedback on HMYSO surroundings via powerful outflows.

Funder

Science and Technology Facilities Council

Ministry of Science and Higher Education

University of Leicester

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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