Evidence that short-period AM CVn systems are diverse in outburst behaviour

Author:

Duffy C12ORCID,Ramsay G1,Steeghs D2,Dhillon V34ORCID,Kennedy M R5ORCID,Mata Sánchez D5,Ackley K67,Dyer M3ORCID,Lyman J2ORCID,Ulaczyk K2,Galloway D K67,O’Brien P8,Noysena K9,Nuttall L10,Pollacco D2

Affiliation:

1. Armagh Observatory and Planetarium, College Hill, Armagh, BT61 9DB, UK

2. Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

3. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hicks Building, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK

4. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

5. Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

6. School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia

7. OzGrav: The ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia

8. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK

9. National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand, 260 Moo 4, T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai, 50180, Thailand

10. Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present results of our analysis of up to 15 yr of photometric data from eight AM CVn systems with orbital periods between 22.5 and 26.8 min. Our data have been collected from the GOTO, ZTF, Pan-STARRS, ASAS-SN, and Catalina all-sky surveys and amateur observations collated by the AAVSO. We find evidence that these interacting ultracompact binaries show a similar diversity of long-term optical properties as the hydrogen accreting dwarf novae. We found that AM CVn systems in the previously identified accretion disc instability region are not a homogenous group. Various members of the analysed sample exhibit behaviour reminiscent of Z Cam systems with long superoutbursts (SOs) and standstills, SU UMa systems with regular, shorter SOs, and nova-like systems that appear only in a high state. The addition of TESS full frame images of one of these systems, KL Dra, reveals the first evidence for normal outbursts appearing as a precursor to SOs in an AM CVn system. Our results will inform theoretical modelling of the outbursts of hydrogen deficient systems.

Funder

University of Warwick

Monash University

University of Sheffield

University of Leicester

Illinois Arts Council

University of Portsmouth

Turun Yliopisto

Science and Technology Facilities Council

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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