Galaxy Zoo: 3D – crowdsourced bar, spiral, and foreground star masks for MaNGA target galaxies

Author:

Masters Karen L1ORCID,Krawczyk Coleman2,Shamsi Shoaib1,Todd Alexander23,Finnegan Daniel14,Bershady Matthew567,Bundy Kevin8,Cherinka Brian9,Fraser-McKelvie Amelia1011ORCID,Krishnarao Dhanesh9,Kruk Sandor12,Lane Richard R13,Law David9,Lintott Chris14,Merrifield Michael15ORCID,Simmons Brooke16,Weijmans Anne-Marie17,Yan Renbin18ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Haverford College, 370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, PA 19041, USA

2. Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK

3. Department of Physics, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK

4. Haverford College,370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, PA 19041, USA

5. Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA

6. South African Astronomical Observatory, PO Box 9, Observatory 7935, Cape Town, South Africa

7. Department of Astronomy, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa

8. UCO/Lick Observatory, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High St. Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA

9. Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA

10. International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, 6009 Crawley, WA, Australia

11. ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D), Crawley, WAV, Australia

12. European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL 2201 AZ, Noordwijk, The Netherlands

13. Centro de Investigación en Astronomía, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Avenida Viel 1497, Santiago, Chile

14. Oxford Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK

15. School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK

16. Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK

17. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK

18. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose St., Lexington, KY 40506-0057, USA

Abstract

ABSTRACT The challenge of consistent identification of internal structure in galaxies – in particular disc galaxy components like spiral arms, bars, and bulges – has hindered our ability to study the physical impact of such structure across large samples. In this paper we present Galaxy Zoo: 3D (GZ:3D) a crowdsourcing project built on the Zooniverse platform that we used to create spatial pixel (spaxel) maps that identify galaxy centres, foreground stars, galactic bars, and spiral arms for 29 831 galaxies that were potential targets of the MaNGA survey (Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory, part of the fourth phase of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys or SDSS-IV), including nearly all of the 10 010 galaxies ultimately observed. Our crowdsourced visual identification of asymmetric internal structures provides valuable insight on the evolutionary role of non-axisymmetric processes that is otherwise lost when MaNGA data cubes are azimuthally averaged. We present the publicly available GZ:3D catalogue alongside validation tests and example use cases. These data may in the future provide a useful training set for automated identification of spiral arm features. As an illustration, we use the spiral masks in a sample of 825 galaxies to measure the enhancement of star formation spatially linked to spiral arms, which we measure to be a factor of three over the background disc, and how this enhancement increases with radius.

Funder

Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

University of Utah

Carnegie Mellon University

Johns Hopkins University

University of Tokyo

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

New Mexico State University

New York University

University of Notre Dame

MCTI

Ohio State University

Pennsylvania State University

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

University of Arizona

University of Colorado Boulder

University of Oxford

University of Portsmouth

University of Virginia

University of Washington

Vanderbilt University

Yale University

National Science Foundation

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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1. Grand Design versus Multiarmed Spiral Galaxies: Dependence on Galaxy Structure;The Astronomical Journal;2024-06-11

2. The extent and power of ‘maintenance mode’ feedback in MaNGA AGN;Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society;2024-04-11

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