Original Research by Young Twinkle Students (ORBYTS): ephemeris refinement of transiting exoplanets

Author:

Edwards Billy1ORCID,Changeat Quentin1,Yip Kai Hou1,Tsiaras Angelos1,Taylor Jake2ORCID,Akhtar Bilal3,AlDaghir Josef3,Bhattarai Pranup3,Bhudia Tushar4,Chapagai Aashish3,Huang Michael3,Kabir Danyaal4,Khag Vieran4,Khaliq Summyyah4,Khatri Kush3,Kneth Jaidev4,Kothari Manisha4,Najmudin Ibrahim3,Panchalingam Lobanaa4,Patel Manthan3,Premachandran Luxshan4,Qayyum Adam4,Rana Prasen3,Shaikh Zain3,Syed Sheryar4,Theti Harnam4,Zaidani Mahmoud3,Saraf Manasvee1,de Mijolla Damien1,Caines Hamish1,Kokori Anatasia56,Rocchetto Marco17,Mallonn Matthias8,Bachschmidt Matthieu9,Bosch Josep M10,Bretton Marc11,Chatelain Philippe12,Deldem Marc13,Di Sisto Romina1415,Evans Phil1617,Fernández-Lajús Eduardo1415,Guerra Pere18,Grau Horta Ferran19,Kang Wonseok20,Kim Taewoo20,Leroy Arnaud21,Lomoz František22,de Haro Juan Lozano23,Hentunen Veli-Pekka24,Jongen Yves25,Molina David26,Montaigut Romain21,Naves Ramon27,Raetz Manfred28,Sauer Thomas29,Watkins Americo30,Wünsche Anaël11,Zibar Martin31,Dunn William1,Tessenyi Marcell132,Savini Giorgio13233,Tinetti Giovanna132,Tennyson Jonathan132ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK

2. Department of Physics (Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics), University of Oxford, Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK

3. Preston Manor High School, Carlton Avenue East, Wembley HA9 8NA, UK

4. Beal High School, Woodford Bridge Road, Ilford, Essex IG4 5LP, UK

5. Royal Observatory Greenwich, Greenwich, London SE10 8XJ, UK

6. Birkbeck, University of London, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HX, UK

7. Spaceflux Ltd., 71-75 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9JQ, UK

8. Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam, An der Sternwarte 16, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany

9. Club d’Astronomie de Wittelsheim, 68375 Wittelsheim, France

10. Santa Maria de Montmagastrell Remote Observatory, E-25300 Tarrega, Spain

11. Observatory of Baronnies Provençales, F-05150 Moydans, France

12. Observatoire SADR Chili, 8320000 Santiago, Chile

13. Les Barres Observatory, 12113 Lamanon, France

14. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque, S/N-1900 La Plata, Argentina

15. Instituto de Astrofísica de La Plata (CCT La Plata – CONICET/UNLP), S/N-1900 La Plata, Argentina

16. Rarotonga Observatory, Rarotonga, Cook Islands

17. El Sauce Observatory, Coquimbo Province, 1780000 Río Hurtado, Chile

18. Observatori Astronómic Albanyá, Camí de Bassegoda, E-17733 Girona, Spain

19. Observatory Ca l’Ou, San Martí Sesgueioles, E-08008 Catalonia, Spain

20. National Youth Space Center, Goheung, Jeollanam-do 59567, Republic of Korea

21. OPERA Observatory, F-33820 Saint Palais, France

22. Observatory of Josef Sadil, Havlíčkova 514, CZ-264 01 Sedlčany, Czech Republic

23. Observatorio de Elche, E-03202 Elche, Spain

24. Taurus Hill Observatory, FI-79480 Kangaslampi, Finland

25. Observatoire de Vaison la Romaine, Au Palis, F-84110 Vaison la Romaine, France

26. Anunaki Observatory, E-28410 Manzanares El Real, Spain

27. Montcabrer Observatory, 03004 Alicante, Spain

28. Raetz Observatory, Stiller Berg 6, D-98587 Herges-Hallenberg, Germany

29. International Citizen Observatory, Munich, D-80939, Germany

30. British Astronomical Association, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W1J 0DU, UK

31. Variable Star and Exoplanet Section of Czech Astronomical Society, Vsetínská 941/78, CZ-757 01 Valašské Meziříčí, Czech Republic

32. Blue Skies Space Ltd., 69 Wilson Street, London EC2A 2BB, UK

33. University College London Observatory, Mill Hill, London NW7 2QS, UK

Abstract

ABSTRACT We report follow-up observations of transiting exoplanets that have either large uncertainties (>10 min) in their transit times or have not been observed for over 3 yr. A fully robotic ground-based telescope network, observations from citizen astronomers, and data from TESS have been used to study eight planets, refining their ephemerides and orbital data. Such follow-up observations are key for ensuring accurate transit times for upcoming ground- and space-based telescopes, which may seek to characterize the atmospheres of these planets. We find deviations from the expected transit time for all planets, with transits occurring outside the 1σ uncertainties for seven planets. Using the newly acquired observations, we subsequently refine their periods and reduce the current predicted ephemeris uncertainties to 0.28–4.01 min. A significant portion of this work has been completed by students at two high schools in London as part of the Original Research By Young Twinkle Students (ORBYTS) programme.

Funder

European Union

STFC

UCL

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

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