TOI-836: A super-Earth and mini-Neptune transiting a nearby K-dwarf-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

TOI-836: A super-Earth and mini-Neptune transiting a nearby K-dwarf

Published:2023-02-09 Issue:3 Volume:520 Page:3649-3668
ISSN:0035-8711
Container-title:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
language:en
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Author:

Hawthorn Faith¹²^ORCID,Bayliss Daniel¹²^ORCID,Wilson Thomas G³^ORCID,Bonfanti Andrea⁴,Adibekyan Vardan⁵⁶,Alibert Yann⁷,Sousa Sérgio G⁵⁶^ORCID,Collins Karen A⁸^ORCID,Bryant Edward M¹²^ORCID,Osborn Ares¹²^ORCID,Armstrong David J¹²^ORCID,Abe Lyu⁹,Acton Jack S¹⁰^ORCID,Addison Brett C¹¹^ORCID,Agabi Karim⁹,Alonso Roi¹²¹³,Alves Douglas R¹⁴^ORCID,Anglada-Escudé Guillem¹⁵¹⁶,Bárczy Tamas¹⁷,Barclay Thomas¹⁸¹⁹,Barrado David²⁰,Barros Susana C C⁵⁶,Baumjohann Wolfgang⁴,Bendjoya Philippe⁹,Benz Willy⁷²¹,Bieryla Allyson⁸,Bonfils Xavier²²,Bouchy François²³,Brandeker Alexis²⁴,Broeg Christopher⁷²¹,Brown David J A¹²^ORCID,Burleigh Matthew R¹⁰,Buttu Marco²⁵,Cabrera Juan²⁶,Caldwell Douglas A²⁷,Casewell Sarah L¹⁰,Charbonneau David⁸,Charnoz Sébastian²⁸,Cloutier Ryan⁸^ORCID,Cameron Andrew Collier³^ORCID,Collins Kevin I²⁹,Conti Dennis M³⁰,Crouzet Nicolas³¹,Czismadia Szilárd²⁶^ORCID,Davies Melvyn B³²,Deleuil Magali³³,Delgado-Mena Elisa⁵,Delrez Laetitia³⁴³⁵^ORCID,Demangeon Olivier D S⁵⁶,Demory Brice-Olivier²¹,Dransfield Georgina³⁶^ORCID,Dumusque Xavier²³,Egger Jo Ann⁷,Ehrenreich David²³,Eigmüller Philipp²⁶,Erickson Anders²⁶,Essack Zahra³⁷³⁸^ORCID,Fortier Andrea⁷²¹,Fossati Luca⁴,Fridlund Malcolm³⁹⁴⁰,Günther Maximilian N³¹^ORCID,Güdel Manuel⁴¹,Gandolfi Davide⁴²^ORCID,Gillard Harvey¹,Gillon Michaël³⁴,Gnilka Crystal⁴³⁴⁴,Goad Michael R¹⁰,Goeke Robert F³⁸,Guillot Tristan⁹,Hadjigeorghiou Andreas¹²,Hellier Coel⁴⁵,Henderson Beth A¹⁰,Heng Kevin¹²¹,Hooton Matthew J⁷⁴⁶,Horne Keith³,Howell Steve B⁴³,Hoyer Sergio³³^ORCID,Irwin Jonathan M⁸,Jenkins James S⁴⁷⁴⁸^ORCID,Jenkins Jon M⁴³,Jensen Eric L N⁴⁹^ORCID,Kane Stephen R⁵⁰,Kendall Alicia¹⁰,Kielkopf John F⁵¹,Kiss Laszlo L⁵²⁵³,Lacedelli Gaia⁵⁴^ORCID,Laskar Jacques⁵⁵,Latham David W⁸,Etangs Alain Lecavalier des⁵⁶,Leleu Adrien⁷²³,Lendl Monika²³^ORCID,Lillo-Box Jorge²⁰,Lovis Christophe²³,Mékarnia Djamel⁹,Massey Bob⁵⁷,Masters Tamzin¹,Maxted Pierre F L⁴⁵^ORCID,Nascimbeni Valerio⁵⁴^ORCID,Nielsen Louise D⁵⁸,O’Brien Sean M⁵⁹,Olofsson Göran²⁴,Osborn Hugh P²¹³⁸,Pagano Isabella⁶⁰,Pallé Enric¹²,Persson Carina M⁶¹,Piotto Giampaolo⁵⁴⁶²,Plavchan Peter²⁹^ORCID,Pollacco Don¹,Queloz Didier⁶³⁴⁶,Ragazzoni Roberto⁵⁴⁶²,Rauer Heike²⁶⁶⁴⁶⁵,Ribas Ignasi¹⁵¹⁶,Ricker George³⁸,Ségransan Damien²³,Salmon Sébastien²³,Santerne Alexandre³³^ORCID,Santos Nuno C⁵⁶,Scandariato Gaetano⁶⁰,Schmider François-Xavier⁹,Schwarz Richard P⁶⁶,Seager Sara³⁸,Shporer Avi³⁸,Simon Attila E⁷,Smith Alexis M S²⁶^ORCID,Srdoc Gregor⁶⁷,Steller Manfred⁴,Suarez Olga⁹,Szabó Gyula M⁶⁸⁶⁹,Teske Johanna⁷⁰,Thomas Nicolas⁷,Tilbrook Rosanna H¹⁰^ORCID,Triaud Amaury H M J³⁶^ORCID,Udry Stéphane²³,Van Grootel Valérie³⁴,Walton Nicholas⁷¹,Wang Sharon X⁷²,Wheatley Peter J¹²^ORCID,Winn Joshua N⁷³,Wittenmyer Robert A¹¹,Zhang Hui⁷⁴

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

2. Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

3. Centre for Exoplanet Science, SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews , North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, UK

4. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences , Schmiedlstrasse 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria

5. Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço , Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, P-4150-762 Porto, Portugal

6. Departamento de Física e Astronomia , Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal

7. Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern , Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

8. Center for Astrophysics, Harvard and Smithsonian , 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

9. Université Côte d’Azur , Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, CS 34229, F-06304 Nice Cedex 4, France

10. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester , Leicester LE1 7RH, UK

11. University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, USQ Toowoomba, West Street, QLD 4350, Australia

12. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias , E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

13. Departamento de Astrofisica , Universidad de La Laguna, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain

14. Departamento de Astronomia, Universidad de Chile , Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile

15. Institut de Ciencies de l’Espai (ICE , CSIC), Campus UAB, Can Magrans s/n, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain

16. Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona, Spain

17. Admatis , 5. Kandó Kálmán Street, 3534 Miskolc, Hungary

18. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA

19. Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA

20. Depto. de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA) , ESAC campus, E-28692 Villanueva de la Cañada (Madrid), Spain

21. Center for Space and Habitability , Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

22. Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France

23. Observatoire de Genève , Université de Genève, Chemin de Pegasi, 51, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland

24. Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University , AlbaNova University Center, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

25. Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide (PNRA) , Concordia station, V8XW+WG4, Antarctica

26. Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR) , Rutherfordstrasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

27. SETI Institute/NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA

28. Université de Paris , Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France

29. Department of Physics, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA

30. American Association of Variable Star Observers , 49 Bay State Road, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

31. European Space Agency (ESA) , European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, the Netherlands

32. Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University , Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden

33. Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS, CNES, LAM, 38 rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie, F-13388 Marseille, France

34. Astrobiology Research Unit, Université de Liège , Allée du 6 Août 19C, B-4000 Liège, Belgium

35. Space sciences , Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août 19C, B-4000 Liège, Belgium

36. School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham , Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

37. Department of Earth , Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

38. Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

39. Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden , PO Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands

40. Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden

41. Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna , Türkenschanzstrasse 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria

42. Dipartimento di Fisica , Universita degli Studi di Torino, via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy

43. NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA

44. NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , Caltech/IPAC, Mail Code 100-22, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

45. Astrophysics Group, Keele University , Keele ST5 5BG, UK

46. Cavendish Laboratory , JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK

47. Núcleo de Astronomía , Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejército 441, Santiago, Chile

48. Centro de Astrofísica y Tecnologías Afines (CATA) , Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile

49. Department of Physics and Astronomy , Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA

50. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California , Riverside, CA 92521, USA

51. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville , Louisville, KY 40292, USA

52. Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences , 1121 Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, Hungary

53. ELTE Eötvös Loránd University , Institute of Physics, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary

54. INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova , Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padova, Italy

55. IMCCE , UMR8028 CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Univ., Sorbonne Univ., 77 av. Denfert-Rochereau, F-75014 Paris, France

56. Institut d’astrophysique de Paris , UMR7095 CNRS, Université Pierre & Marie Curie, 98bis blvd. Arago, F-75014 Paris, France

57. Villa ’39 Observatory , Landers, CA 92285, USA

58. European Southern Observatory , Karl-Schwarzschildstrasse 2, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany

59. Astrophysics Research Centre , School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK

60. INAF , Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy

61. Chalmers University of Technology , Chalmersplatsen 4, SE-412 96 G’oteborg, Sweden

62. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia ’Galileo Galilei’ , Universita degli Studi di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padova, Italy

63. ETH Zurich , Department of Physics, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

64. Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics , Technical University Berlin, Hardenberstrasse 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany

65. Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften , Freie Universitãt Berlin, D-12249 Berlin, Germany

66. Patashnick Voorheesville Observatory , Voorheesville, NY 12186, USA

67. Kotizarovci Observatory , Sarsoni 90, 51216 Viskovo, Croatia

68. ELTE Eötvös Loránd University , Gothard Astrophysical Observatory, 9700 Szombathely, Szent Imre h. u. 112, Hungary

69. MTA-ELTE Exoplanet Research Group , 9700 Szombathely, Szent Imre h. u. 112, Hungary

70. Earth and Planets Laboratory , Carnegie Institution for Science, 5241 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA

71. Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

72. Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China

73. Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA

74. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, China

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present the discovery of two exoplanets transiting TOI-836 (TIC 440887364) using data from TESS Sector 11 and Sector 38. TOI-836 is a bright (T = 8.5 mag), high proper motion (∼200 mas yr−1), low metallicity ([Fe/H]≈−0.28) K-dwarf with a mass of 0.68 ± 0.05 M⊙ and a radius of 0.67 ± 0.01 R⊙. We obtain photometric follow-up observations with a variety of facilities, and we use these data sets to determine that the inner planet, TOI-836 b, is a 1.70 ± 0.07 R⊕ super-Earth in a 3.82-d orbit, placing it directly within the so-called ‘radius valley’. The outer planet, TOI-836 c, is a 2.59 ± 0.09 R⊕ mini-Neptune in an 8.60-d orbit. Radial velocity measurements reveal that TOI-836 b has a mass of 4.5 ± 0.9 M⊕, while TOI-836 c has a mass of 9.6 ± 2.6 M⊕. Photometric observations show Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) on the order of 20 min for TOI-836 c, although there are no detectable TTVs for TOI-836 b. The TTVs of planet TOI-836 c may be caused by an undetected exterior planet.

Funder

NASA

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics

Link

https://academic.oup.com/mnras/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/mnras/stad306/49149096/stad306.pdf

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