Covers the field of recycling and refining of metals. An important point the book stresses is that the principles are the same in the treatment of various different metals. The book answerd why it is important to have a clean and properly alloyed metal from recycling and refined metal? The text covers basic thermodynamics, physical and transport properties, mixing, mass transfer and numerical models. Further it identifies problems and described methods for removal of dissolved impurity elements, particles and inclusions, also during solidification. And lastly applications remelting and addition of alloys, recycling and challenges and specific processes for each metal are included. The book is self-contained.