The first half of this book concerns issues directly related to a few key Kant texts and recent discussions of them. The Critical philosophy’s conception of subjectivity is the main focus, with special attention given to the features of freedom, autonomy, law, necessity, final ends, an overall human vocation, intentionality, and idealism. The second half contains essays on post-Kantian figures, with an emphasis on Hegel, Schelling, and Hölderlin and their role in introducing a fruitful ‘historical turn’ in philosophical methodology as well as a new conception of being a subject understanding itself as living a period of ‘late modernity.’ This period is still devoted to enlightenment ideals while recognizing limitations in the eighteenth century scientific and political developments that preoccupied Kant. Two major strands of post-Kantian philosophy along this line are distinguished: the more systematic approach of the classical works of German Idealism, and the mixed methodology of the Early Romantics, who also composed their main works in the context of Jena and the highly popular interpretation of Kant that was offered there by Reinhold. Highlights of the first part of the book include new close readings of Kant’s Groundwork and its relation to later thinkers such as Sartre, Murdoch, O’Neill, Prauss, and Brandom. The second part develops a post-Kantian philosophy of history, as outlined by Novalis and Schlegel, and connects this with a close reading of a number of texts by Hölderlin, who is argued to be the most Kantian and philosophically the most satisfying of the post-Kantians.